Process and apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies from concrete



June 2, 1925.

H. SIEGWART PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING TUBULAR BODI'ES FROM CONCRETE 3 Sheets-Sheet l 'Filed Apl l1, 1924 June 2, 1925.

H. SIEGWART PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING TUBULAR BODIES FROM CONCRETE Filed April 11. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet, 2

June 2, 1925- 1,539,964

H. slEGwART PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING TUBULAR BODIES FROM CONCRETE Filed April 11, 1924 s sheets-sheet' s than. lthe width of the Patented lJ une 2, 1925.

HANS SIEGWART, on LUCERNE, SWITZERLAND.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING TUB'UIAR BODIES FROM CONCRETE.

Application led April 11, 1924. Serial No. 705,853.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HANS SIEGWART, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, re siding at Lucerne, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process and Apparatus for Manufacturing Tubular Bodies from Concrete, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein -to the accompanying drawing.

The invention relates to improvements in a process and apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as hollow piles, con duits, pipes', masts and the like from concrete and particularly pipes from reinforced concrete in which the plastic concrete mass is helically wound in strips around a core and pressed on the latter by means of a band. According .to thefpresent improved process strips of concrete of Ia sialler width band are helically applied to the core so that each coil of the strip is pressed consecutively several times during the same working stage. This process is of particular advantage when manufacturing pipes of reinforced concrete as the strips which are several times compressed are already in the first stage of operation so hard that the reinforcing wires will no longer cut into the stripsand may be wound on the latter during this first stage. Preferably the band is lso guided that it is pressed only against a part ofthe circumference of the rotating.

core. -Further provision may be made that by feeding an endless band in an oblique direction. on and offl the core parts-of the apparatus supporting the band are displaced parallel to the core. v

The invention will be more fully explained with reference to-the accompanyingdrawings on which a constructional example of the apparatus and a concrete pipe in the various stages of manufacture arev diagrammatically illustrated.

' tion.

Fig. 1 shows the apparatus in side eleva-4 ject into the core and the diameter of these.

disks may be altered in a known manner so that the disks may be pressed tightly against the inner circumference ofthe tubular core- 1. The disks 2 are rotatably mounted on yaxles 3, (Fig. 3), the latter l being mounted in standards 4 and adapted to be displaced in the axial direction by means of the sci-ew threaded spindles 5 and hand wheels 6. This arrangement with which thel means for supporting theA core project into the interior of the, core presents the advantage that the core, the weight of which is comparatively low, Jis better protected against deflectionthanit is the case with the hithertoknown arrangements for`supporting the core. The standardsl 4 are stationary so thatthe core 1 may rotate but is secured against axial displacement. Between the two stationary standards 4 a carriage 9 resting with wheels 8 on rails 7 is adapted to travel ina direction parallel to the core 1.

and rotatably mounted in traverses 12I ofv the carriage. 11 a standard 13 is displaceable in .the axial direction of the tubes but is secured against .rotation relatively to the tubes 10 4.or 11 respectively. Each standard 13 supports a. press roller 1 4 which may be displaced and adjusted into oblique positions by .turning The .carriageisv provided .l with two tubes 1() and 11 cosaxially arranged" 90 On each of the tubes 10 and the hand wheels-70, 7 1 and 72, the press site sides of the core. Thev -pressure by which the rollers 14 are urged against the.

core is caused by the compression springs to the size of the diameter of the core 1.

.rollers 14 are adapted t0 bea-f against OPPO' im 15, andthe spring power maybe adjusted V by means of the hand wheels laccording 10 lio these rollers under tension. The standard" 13 shown on the right hand side of Fig.'l1

v and'guide rollers 27, 25 and 24, whereupon 1t 1s slung around the underside of the core 1 (Fig. 8) land runs over the'rollers 18, 17

and 35 to the driving roller 33. The lower part of the band 34 which runs inside the tubes and 11 is thus protected. The tightening roller is mounted in bearings moving in a slot 28 and is displaced along said slot by a hand wheel 29 co-operating with a screw threaded spindle 29 for the purpose ofadjusting the tightening of the band. On the adjacent ends fof tlie tubes l() and 11 levers 36 and 37 are xed. The outer ends of the levers are rovided with toothed segments- 39 with w ich a pinion 40 (Fig. 4) cooperates. The pinion 40 is connected by its shaft with a worm wheel 41 which is in mesh with a worm 42. The latter (Fig.r1) Yis fixed to a shaft 43 that maybe rotated by the `hand wheel 44. YVhen the hand wheel 44 is turned, the tubes 10 and 11 are` turned 1n op osite directions through the same amount an thereby the standards 13 are swung out of their vertical position.

In order to distance the standards 13 from each other to correspond to the diameter of' the core 1 to the sleeve parts of the standardsl .t 13 surrounding the tubes 1 0 and 11 respec- Atively racks 45 and 46 respectively are linked, which operate with the lower and the upper teeth respectively of a pinion 47. y

The latter is rigidly connected to a worm wheel 48 with which a worm mounted on a shaft 49 co-operates, a hand wheel 50 serves to turn the shaft 49. lVhen the hand wheel 50 is turned in one or the other direction the standards 13 are brought nearer to each other or are' moved away from each other.

. to the the band to pass scraping devices vof any 51-denotes acontainer from which concrete is fed to the band 34. The Width o f theconcrete strips are adjusted vby regulating the quantit of concrete fed from the container band or by causing theconcrete on known. t-ype arranged near 'the guide roller 25 or controlling the outlet from the container. y

As the concrete strip wound helically around the core has a smaller width than the band 34, provisin is made tlrat the concrete,

which is pressed by means of the band 34 and lthe press rollers 14 against the core 1,

side on which 'the concrete does 'not bear against concrete material previously-pressed fto the core. 1V-*To this-end the'bandn3'4 bev turned v`tip-hy means of ltwo small rollers be provided with a flexible edge, vadapted to"= l 52 (Figa) ortotethsides of the rouers' '14' segments *53.l (Figs.` 6 and 7)y may be ar'- ranged. The small rollers or the segments y are preferablyldisplaceably arranged inthe l direction*towards the core 1.1 The segmentsl 53, for instance, are connected tokatwoarmed lever" 54, mounted upon an axle 55. The latter may vbe turned somewhat by the action of a worin gear 56 and. a hand wheel 57, whereby either one or the other segment is moved to vbear against the core 1.V This obturation is only` required onv one-side. ofv

the band 34, which side-depends on the di-` rection of rotation of thfmachine.

The process is `carried into effect by ineensl of the above ldescribed -machine'in the. following ,manner The tubular core 1 is providedv with end A rings 58-projecting abovev its circumference wheel 29. The standards 13 are so far apr-proached towards the core 1 by turning the hand wheel 50 that the rollers 114 press lated vby means bf the hand wheels 16. Then concrete in a plastic condition is fed from the containerl to the'band 34,-the latter conveying the'material towardsthe left in the direction of the arrow indicated/in Fig. lover `the roller 24. From the latter the against the-band 34. v Thispressure is regun drive for the band 34 is out in and theband yis suitably tightened by operating the handconcrete material falls downv upon the core y one side and the other standard'to the other side of the vertical and the press rollers 14 are also adjusted linto correspondingly inclined positions, so that the rollers bear snugly againstthe layer of concrete. The supply of concreteis then continuously regu- X lated froma smaller supply to avlarger'supl so that a wedge shapedstrip` 60 .(Fig. 10) is supplied', the width of which' increases to thel determined width ai (Fig. 11), which".

pressed by the rollers 14 and the band operation has required muc corresponds, for instance, to one third of the helical strip on the core and the rollers 14 press this strip tightly on the core and compress it; the band and the rollers exert at -thesame time a repeated pressure on the strips b and c previously brought into position. In this manner it vis possible to wmd the reinforcing wires 23 under tension already during the first stage of manufactur- Y ing the pipe, eitherbelow the band 34 or behind the band kon the concrete ring without having to fear that the wire will cut into the material as the latter has been repeatedly compressed. The above mentioned process is continued until after almost the whole core is covered with the helical strips. Then a straight winding of material must be joined onto the helical winding. The wedge shaped portion 62 at the end of the helically wound tube is produced in the opposite manner to thatin which the'wedge shaped strip at the beginning of the tube has been obtained, i. e., by a gradual reduction of the supply of concrete.

.With ythe hitherto known machines this time, in fact, it had to be performed in three successive stages of operation. In the known first stage the material had been Wound upon the core and had to /be held thereto by means of a .jute band wound around the material on the whole length of the tube. During a second stage of operation the windings of the material, while have passed the press rollers only once, had to be acted upon by the press rollers a second time, and only during a third stage the jute band could be removed 'and Vthe reinforcements be wound upon the material. y j Y Furthermore with the hitherto known machines of a similar type no provisionr was made to finish the ends of the pipes by rings placed at right angles to the axis of the tube as these machines applied the material only in continuous spirals. In caseva muff has to be provided at the lend of the tube, as is shown in Fig. 14, to the shell of the tube first of all a cylindrical shoulder piece 63 is formed. Thereupon an angle iron ring 64 is mounted upon the .con-

' crete shell 61 and a mould 65 for the muti' is mounted upon the core 1. Then the cylindrical layer 66v forming the ange of the' mu is deposited by means of the band 34.

l f The band 34 running in an oblique directioncauses a displacement of the carriage 9 onthe rails 7 relatively to the core so that there is no special driving agent necessary for e'ecting this displacement.

lVhen the first layer of material has been completedthe standards 13`are inclined to the opposite sides whereby the movement of the carriage 9 is reversed and a further layer offconciete and simultaneously reinforcing Wires may be deposited on the\ first layer. In the same manner as the first and second layer of material any number of furl ther layers may be deposited until the desired thickness of the shell of the tube is obtained. 'When this is the case the diameter of the disks 2 is reduced so that the latter may be removed fromthe core 1 and the latter is removed from the finished tube. The core 1 may thus be used again.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as pipes, masts'and the vlike from concrete and reinforced concrete,

a turnable core, a moving band slung around parts of said core and effecting the application of the concrete on the core, and means carrying guide rollers for said band and adapted to be angularly adjusted in opposite directions about an axis at right angles to the axis of the core.

2. In an apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as pipes, masts and the like fromv concreteand reinforced concrete, a turnable core, amoving band slung around parts of said core and effecting the application of the concrete on the core, a carriage, standards arranged on said carriage to each side of the core, supporting guide rollers for said band, 'and means for angulaily adjusting said standards in opposite directions, about an axis at -right angles to the axis of the core.

3. In an apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as pipes, masts and the like from concrete and reinforced concrete, a turnable core, a moving band slung around parts of said core and effecting the application of the concrete onv the core, a carriage adapted tomove parallel to the axis` of the core, two coaxial tubular members rotatablymounted on said carriage, stand-v ards connected to each' of said tubular members and supporting guide rollersfor said band, and means adapted to turn said tubu-` lar members simultaneously in opposite directions .through the same angle.

4. In an apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as pipes, masts and the like from concrete andvreinforced concrete, 1

a tubular core, a moving band slung around bands of said core and effecting the application kof the concrete on the core, a carriage adapted to move parallel to the axis Aof the core, two coaxial tubular members' v rollers for said band, means adapted to cause a displacement of said two standards along said V.tubular members by equal amounts, and means, adapted' to turn said tubular members simultaneously in opposite directions through the saine angles.

5. In anv apparatus for` manufacturing tubular bodies such'as pipes, masts andthe like from concrete and reinforced concrete,

. a turnable core, an endless moving band slung around parts of said core and ei'ecting the application of the concrete on the core, a carriage adapted to move parallel to the axis of the core, two coaxial tubular like from concrete and reinforced concrete,

a'hollow core, turnably mounted means projecting into and in engagement with the interior of the core'for'rotatably supporting the core, a moving 4band slung around parts of vsaid core and effecting the application of the concrete on the core, and' means carrying guide rollers for said band adapted v to be angularly adjusted in opposite directionsl about an axis at right angles to the axis of the core.

7. In an `apparatus for manufacturing tubular bodies such as pipes, masts and the like from concrete and reinforced concrete, a turnable core, a moving band slung around parts of said core and eii'ecting'the Vapplication of the concrete on the core, adjustable means adapted to prevent the plastic concrete to be squeezed out laterally ,of the band, and means carrying guide rollers for said band and adapted to be angularly adjusted in opposite directions about an axis at right` angles to the axis of the core. v

8. In the making of tubular bodies of concrete by means of an endless band cooperating with a rotatablefo'rm, the process which comprises supplying lthe concrete to said band only over a portionaof the width of the band andconning the concrete at one side during itsl application to the form, and exerting a pressureon the concrete in ddition lto the pressure exerted by the and. i

9. In the making` of tubular bodies' of concrete by means of an endless band ycooperating with a rotatable form, theprocess which comprises supplying the concrete to said band only `over a, portion of its width., spirally applying 'the concrete totheform while confining the concrete at lone sideat points where the band runs onto and off the form and exerting at. such points a pressure on the concrete in addition to th pressure` exerted by said band.

10. In :in apparatusfor making tubular', bodies, a turnable core, a concrete applying band arranged to move `substantially horizontally toward the core, pass beneath the core and around a portion thereof then upthus leaving the top of the core exposed, means to change thelv angular relation'of core and band, and'pressure rollers actlng .ward and horizontally away from the core von said band Where it applies concrete `to the core andlat the running off point.

11. In an apparatus for making tubular bodies of concrete, a turnable core, a moving concrete Iapplying band slung around the lower portion of the core, Vlateral con- Y crete confining means at 'the running on and running off portions of the band, andV `devicesto Yadjust said means tocause them to act on the outer side of the concrete a' standard on said carriage on each side of' for making tubular',

the core` having support-ing and guiding means. for said `band and means'to simulp taneously andoppositely rotate said standard on an axis perpendicular to the axis of the core.

13. In an apparatus for making tubulary bodies of concrete, means for turnably sup` l -j 100* f porting a core, a carriage movable longi- 1 tudinally of the core, an endless concrete applying band, a pair. of almed `tubes mounted in said carriage and through lwhich v said band travels, standards mounted on'.

said tubes having supporting and guiding means for said band, and mea'ns to simul. taneouslyand oppositel rotate said tubes to incline-said standar s to opposite sides of said tubes when desired.

In `testimony whereof I ailix my slgnature. y y

HANS smGWAR-r. 

